Aberrations
Aberrations are mutated variants of fish in DREDGE that are more difficult to find than their "normal" counterparts. They are described by the Fishmonger as 'corrupted', by the in-game text as 'grotesque', and are the first sign in the game that something is not right. The purple text box used in descriptions of Aberrated fish (same background color of inventory tiles for Aberrations, similar to Trophy fish) is described in the options as 'Important Color'. Aberrant Fish are worth significantly more than their normal counterparts.
Aberrant Fish can be found in patches of disturbed water, especially those that contain embers and a glowing blue distortion below them. It is implied that Aberrations are incubators of some sort (e.g. the Cyclopean Flounder 's embedded egg, the implications of the Brood Squid and Host Eel etc) Some aberrated fish also look like radioactively mutated animals (e.g. the Lumpy Mackerel and the Tusked Grouper), while others (e.g. the All-Seeing Cod, the Snag Squid and the Shard Ray) are simply strange.
84 out of 151 (55.63%) of the fish in the base game and 11 out of 23 (47.82%) of the fish in the Pale Reach DLC are Aberrations of other, normal fish. There are aberrant versions of all fish (including crabs) EXCEPT for the five Exotic Fish.
Encyclopaedia
Catching Strategies
Trying to catch Grotesque Fish from non-glowing, disturbed water can be irritating (glowing water will always contain an Aberration; you just have to fish it up), due to the low chance of success and the requirement to perform the catching minigame perfectly. However, leaving the fishing minigame after making a mistake allows you another opportunity to catch an aberrated fish.
This info is especially useful while trying to fill the encyclopaedia, as certain fish spawn in a few locations with only 1-2 fish per disturbed water patch (e.g. Devil Rays, Hammerhead Sharks, etc.).
Additionally, Atrophy will almost always generate an aberration. While the cooldown is long, using Atrophy will highly Increase the chance of getting an aberration out of any fishing spot that you like, given that your target species has an aberration. This is especially useful for hard-to-find species such as the Moonfish.
Pursuits
Main Article: Pursuits
The pursuit Grotesque Fish has you bring an Aberration (no matter which) to the Fishmonger. He slits it open and finds the handkerchief, which he gives to you (this unlocks the Collector's mission). The pursuit Caught to Order involves giving another Aberrated fish to the Fishmonger, and it is implied he eats it. Afterwards, he doesn't feel well but seems to be fine as usual in later days.
Achievements
Main Article: Achievements
Aberration Attractor
Catch all Aberrations
Cold Corruptions
Catch all aberrations in The Pale Reach.
Trivia
13 aberrations could be found in the demo: 3 for the Blue Mackerel (Grotesque Mackerel, Lumpy Mackerel and Many-Eyed Mackerel), 3 for the Cod (All-Seeing Cod, Fanged Cod and Three-Headed Cod), 2 for the Grey Eel (Barbed Eel and Host Eel), 2 for the Gulf Flounder (Cyclopean Flounder and Riddled Flounder), 2 for the Arrow Squid (Snag Squid and Brood Squid), 2 for the Black Grouper (Tusked Grouper and Voltaic Grouper) and 1 for the Stingray (Shard Ray).